NATO nations are transforming their military forces to be able to engage in expeditionary warfare effectively. They are incorporating advanced technologies that enable military forces to find and strike targets precisely from great distances at little risk to themselves. The persistence of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) represents the next step in modern airpower’s long-range reconnaissance/precision strike complex and has transformed ground operations. They were not demanded until their worth was proven in recent operations—after 60 years of development. The experiences of the United States, United Kingdom, France, and Denmark demonstrate why. UAVs have been difficult to develop, employ, maintain, and integrate into modern militaries and have only recently become effective. Such challenges should temper expectations that they represent an inexpensive alternative to all types of modern aircraft or that their proliferation will have a profound and systematic impact on the nature of warfare.